Dr Domingo Pérez y Pérez

Dr Domingo Pérez y Pérez
La columna del Niño y del Adulto Mayor

martes, 28 de abril de 2015

Análisis genómico de pacientes con escoliosis inexplicable de aparición temprana / Genomic analyses of patients with unexplained early onset scoliosis

#analisisgenomico #escoliosis

Fuente
Este artículo es originalmente publicado en:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25401082
http://www.spine-deformity.org/article/S2212-134X(14)00083-5/abstract?cc=y=
De:
Gao X1, Gotway G2, Rathjen K3, Johnston C3, Sparagana S4, Wise CA5.
Spine Deform. 2014 Sep 1;2(5):324-332.
Todos los derechos reservados para:
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. ScienceDirect® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V.



Abstract

STUDY DESIGN:

To test for rare genetic mutations, a cohort of patients with unexplained early onset scoliosis (EOS) was screened using high-density microarray genotyping. A cohort of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was similarly screened, and the results were compared.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:

Patients with scoliosis in infancy or early childhood (EOS) are at high risk for progressive deformity and associated problems including respiratory compromise. EOS is frequently associated with genetic disorders, but many patients present with non-specific clinical features and without an associated diagnosis. We hypothesized that EOS in these patients may be caused by rare genetic mutations detectable by next-generation genomic methods.
METHODS:

We ascertained 24 patients with unexplained EOS from pediatric orthopedic clinics. We genotyped them, along with 39 connecting family members, using the Illumina OmniExpress-12 v1.0 beadchip. Resulting genotypes were analyzed for chromosomal changes, specifically copy number variation (CNV) and absence of heterozygosity (AOH). We screened 482 AIS patients and 744 healthy controls, which were similarly genotyped with the same beadchip, for chromosomal changes identified in the EOS cohort.
RESULTS:

Copy number variation (CNV) and absence of heterozygosity (AOH) analyses revealed a genetic diagnosis of chromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome in one patient, and maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 in a second patient. Prior genetic testing and clinical evaluations had been negative in both cases. A large novel chromosome 10 deletion was likely causal in a third EOS patient. These mutations identified in the EOS patients were absent in AIS patients and controls, and thus not associated with AIS or found in asymptomatic individuals.
CONCLUSIONS:

Our data underscore the utility of updated genetic evaluations including high-density microarray-based genotyping and other "next-generation" methods in patients with unexplained EOS, even where prior genetic studies were negative. These data also suggest the intriguing possibility that other mutations detectable by whole genome sequencing, as well as epigenetic effects, await discovery in the EOS population.




Resumen

DISEÑO DEL ESTUDIO:
Para la prueba de mutaciones genéticas raras, una cohorte de pacientes con inexplicable aparición temprana escoliosis (EOS) se tamizó usando alta densidad genotipo de microarrays. Una cohorte de pacientes con escoliosis idiopática del adolescente (AIS) se proyectó de manera similar, y los resultados fueron comparados.
RESUMEN DE DATOS ANTECEDENTES:
Los pacientes con escoliosis en la infancia o la niñez temprana (EOS) están en alto riesgo de deformidad progresiva y problemas asociados, incluyendo el compromiso respiratorio. EOS está frecuentemente asociada con trastornos genéticos, pero muchos pacientes se presentan con manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas y sin un diagnóstico asociado. La hipótesis de que EOS en estos pacientes puede ser causada por mutaciones genéticas raras detectables por métodos genómicos de próxima generación.
MÉTODOS:
Hemos comprobado 24 pacientes con EOS inexplicable de las clínicas de ortopedia pediátrica. Les genotipo, junto con 39 miembros de la familia de conexión, utilizando el Illumina OmniExpress-12 v1.0 BeadChip. Se analizaron los genotipos resultantes para cambios cromosómicos, copia específicamente variación del número de (CNV) y la ausencia de heterocigosidad (AOH). Se seleccionaron 482 pacientes AIS y 744 controles sanos, que se genotipo de manera similar con el mismo BeadChip, por cambios cromosómicos identificados en la cohorte de EOS.
RESULTADOS:
Variación del número de copias (CNV) y la ausencia de heterocigosidad (AOA) análisis revelaron un diagnóstico genético del síndrome de microdeleción cromosoma 15q24 en un paciente, y disomía uniparental materna del cromosoma 14 en un segundo paciente.Antes de las pruebas genéticas y evaluaciones clínicas habían sido negativos en ambos casos. Una gran novela cromosoma 10 deleción era causal probable en un tercer paciente EOS. Estas mutaciones identificadas en los pacientes EOS estaban ausentes en pacientes AIS y controles, y por lo tanto no asociados con AIS o que se encuentran en individuos asintomáticos.
CONCLUSIONES:
Nuestros datos ponen de relieve la utilidad de las evaluaciones genéticas actualizadas incluyendo otros métodos de "próxima generación" en pacientes con EOS inexplicable alta densidad genotipado basado en microarrays y, aun cuando los estudios genéticos anteriores fueron negativos. Estos datos también sugieren la intrigante posibilidad de que otras mutaciones detectables por secuenciación de todo el genoma, así como los efectos epigenéticos, esperan descubrimiento en la población EOS.
PMID:
 
25401082
 
[PubMed] 
PMCID:
 
PMC4228381
 [Available on 2015-09-01]

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